Concrete
What is the process of making material?
Composed primarily of cement, aggregate and water. The cement consists of a variety of fine ground powders which harden when mixed with water.
How long will the material last for?
Life span differs depending on the strength of concrete and the environmental condition but generally it has a very long or even permanent service life.
What makes the material corrode?
Concrete corrodes by dissolution and cracking or crumbling due to tensile or compressive stress or environmental factors such as temperature variation (e.g. freezing) or exposure to chemicals. Rusting also occurs to steel in reinforced concrete.
What are the pros and cons of the material?
Pros: Fire resistant, generally weatherproof, strong in compression.
Cons: Temperature variation can cause cracking, weak in tension
What is the material typically used for?
Concrete it widely used in building for bridges, roads, walls, footings, floors, columns and beams.
What are the environmental impacts of the material?
Cement is a major producer of carbon dioxide and the hard surface of concrete can contribute to surface run off which can cause soil erosion and water pollution.
Marble
What is the process of making material?
Marble is a metamorphic rock.
How long will the material last for?
Marble is considered a permanent material.
What makes the material corrode?
Environmental conditions, in particular high levels of acidic gases (such as sulphur dioxide) causes marble to corrode. Oxidation can also cause marble to stain.
What are the pros and cons of the material?
Pros: Strong in compression, fire and heat resistant, waterproof.
Cons: Weak in tension
What is the material typically used for?
Marble is mostly used in flooring or bench tops.
What are the environmental impacts of the material?
As marble is a natural material it is bio-degradable and eco friendly.
Steel
What is the process of making material?
Steel is iron that has had the majority of impurities removed. Various metals are alloyed with the iron to create various characteristics.
How long will the material last for?
Long life span.
What makes the material corrode?
Condensing water and air causes steel to rust.
What are the pros and cons of the material?
Pros: Strong in both compression and tension, ductile.
Cons: Loses strength in extremely high temperatures.
What is the material typically used for?
Steel is widely used in architecture, bridges, roads, railways, vehicles and appliances.
What are the environmental impacts of the material?
Recyclable and reusable.
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